Cach nen mot thu muc thanh mot ZIP duy nhat
Mot thu muc day tep tro thanh mot kho luu tru nho hon, co the gui khi duoc nen thanh ZIP. ZIP la dinh dang container tuong thich pho quat - Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS va Android tat ca deu mo no mot cach tu nhien, khong can plugin - va cong cu dung bien toan bo cong viec thanh mot quy trinh ba buoc tren trinh duyet. Huong dan nay di qua cac buoc, su danh doi anh huong den ket qua nho the nao va cac kich ban pho bien nhat ma moi nguoi gap phai.
Quy trinh ba buoc
Buoc 1. Mo Nen, Tep va Thu muc ZIP. Cong cu chay hoan toan trong trinh duyet cua ban va tren dich vu cua chung toi - khong can tai khoan.
Buoc 2. Keo toan bo thu muc vao vung tai len (hoac nhap Chon tep va chon moi tep ben trong thu muc bang cach su dung Cmd+A tren Mac hoac Ctrl+A tren Windows). Cong cu bao ton cau truc thu muc ben trong ZIP - cac thu muc con cua ban van long vao nhau chinh xac nhu ho da co.
Buoc 3. Nhap Xu ly. Khi ZIP duoc xay dung, nhap Tai xuong. Ket qua la mot tep .zip duy nhat ma bat ky he dieu hanh hien dai nao co the mo voi mot lan nhap doi.
Tai sao nen mot thu muc?
Ba ly do thuc day hau het cac cong viec nen thu muc:
Tep dinh kem email. Gmail gioi han tep dinh kem o 25 MB, Outlook o 20 MB, va webmail doanh nghiep thuong o 10 MB. Mot thu muc voi 30 anh moi 4 MB (tong 120 MB) khong se di qua; cung thu muc duoc nen o muc nen mac dinh thuong giam xuong 70-90 MB - van con qua lon mot minh, nhung neu anh la JPG ban can nen anh truoc (xem Compress Image) va sau do ZIP cac phien ban nho hon. Cho thu muc khong phai anh (tai lieu, ma nguon, bang tinh) buoc ZIP thuong lam viec nang mot minh.
Tai len tep don. Nhieu cong, he thong quan ly hoc tap va bieu mau gui chap nhan mot tep moi lan. ZIP bien "30 tai lieu" thanh "mot .zip" de tai len ket thuc trong mot lan.
Luu tru va chia se. Chi phi luu tru dam may thuong duoc tinh phi theo so luong tep cong byte. Mot thu muc voi 1.000 tep nho nen tot (van ban va ma tieu bieu giam 60-80%) va giam ca hai chi so.
ZIP se thuc su nho hon bao nhieu?
No phu thuoc hoan toan vao nhung gi co trong thu muc.
| Noi dung thu muc | Ti le nen tieu bieu | Ghi chu |
|---|---|---|
| Van ban thuan tuy, ma nguon, JSON, CSV | Giam 60-80% | Nen tuyet voi - nhieu du thua |
| Tai lieu Office (.docx, .xlsx, .pptx) | Giam 5-15% | Day la cac tep ZIP ben trong; it khong gian phu |
| Tai lieu PDF | Giam 5-20% | PDF thuong duoc nen truoc |
| Anh JPG, HEIC, WebP | Giam 0-3% | Da duoc nen mat mat; ZIP khong the thu nho them. Nen anh truoc. |
| Anh chup man hinh PNG | Giam 5-15% | PNG co nen rieng cua minh; ZIP them rat it |
| Video MP3, MP4, AVI | Giam 0-2% | Da duoc nen boi codec. ZIP chu yeu la cho viec gom lai. |
| Thu muc hon hop (tai lieu + anh + ma) | Giam 15-40% | Duoc dieu khien boi phan co the nen nhat |
Quy tac trung thuc: neu mot thu muc chu yeu la anh hoac video, ZIP cho ban mot container goi tep duy nhat, khong phai payload nho hon. Nen anh hoac chuyen ma video truoc khi nen neu muc tieu la mot tai len nho hon.
Cac kich ban pho bien
Gui thu muc du an cho dong nghiep. Keo thu muc du an vao Nen, Tep va Thu muc ZIP. Cau truc thu muc duoc bao ton ben trong .zip, vi vay khi dong nghiep cua ban giai nen o dau ben kia (su dung Unzip File hoac bat ky cong cu giai nen tich hop he dieu hanh nao) ho nhan thu muc goc lai chinh xac nhu ban da co.
Nen mot thu muc cho email duoi 25 MB. Chay thu muc qua cong cu ZIP truoc. Neu ket qua van tren gioi han va phan lon kich co la anh, dinh tuyen anh qua Compress Image o chat luong 80% (thuong giam kich co cua chung di mot nua ma khong mat chat luong nhin thay) va nen lai. Neu ket qua van vuot qua gioi han, xem cach giam kich co ZIP de tim chien luoc tiep theo.
Goi ma nguon cho gui viec lam. Tha thu muc du an vao. Cong cu giu cau truc thu muc (src/, tests/, docs/) nguyen ven, vi vay nguoi nhan co the giai nen va chay ma ngay lap tuc. Neu du an co node_modules hoac artifact build, xoa chung truoc khi nen - chung khong lo va nguoi nhan se xay dung lai chung du sao.
Them mat khau vao ZIP. Neu noi dung thu muc nhay cam, su dung Nen, Tep va Thu muc ZIP voi tuy chon mat khau duoc kich hoat (tim truong mat khau trong cai dat cong cu). Hoac, cho mot thu muc ban da nen ma khong co mat khau, xem cach mat khau hoat dong tren cac dinh dang archive.
Nen mot thu muc chua cac tep lon hon 4 GB. ZIP tieu chuan co gioi han moi tep o 4 GB (dinh dang ZIP32 cu); ZIP64 nang gioi han nay. Nen, Tep va Thu muc ZIP xu ly cac tep tren nguong nay mot cach trong suot - chi can tai chung len.
Con 7z, RAR hay tar.gz?
7z nen manh hon ZIP - thuong nho hon 10-20% cho cung noi dung - nhung yeu cau 7-Zip, The Unarchiver hoac mot ung dung tuong tu o phia nguoi nhan. macOS va iOS khong the mo cac tep .7z ma khong co phan mem ben thu ba. Su dung 7z khi ban kiem soat ca hai phia va kich co quan trong hon su tien loi.
RAR tuong tu 7z trong nen nhung dinh dang la doc quyen; tao mot .rar yeu cau WinRAR (tra phi). Hau het cac huong dan hien dai khuyen nghi bo qua RAR ung ho ZIP hoac 7z.
tar.gz / tar.bz2 chiem uu the trong cac quy trinh lam viec Linux va phia may chu. Chung khong duoc ho tro tu nhien tren Windows truoc Windows 10. Neu nguoi nhan o Linux hoac chay script, tar.gz on; nguoc lai ZIP la su dat cuoc an toan hon.
Cho cac kich ban thu muc cho email, gui cho dong nghiep, gui cho cong, ZIP la cau tra loi dung 99% thoi gian.
Quyen rieng tu va nhung gi duoc tai len
Nen chay tren dich vu xu ly cua chung toi - thu muc cua ban duoc tai len, nen va ket qua duoc tra ve trinh duyet cua ban de tai xuong. Cac tep duoc xu ly va xoa; chung toi khong giu noi dung thu muc ngoai thoi gian cua phien hoat dong. Neu thu muc cua ban rat nhay cam (phap ly, y te, bang luong), xem xet su dung mot cong cu ZIP chi may tinh de ban (tich hop trong Windows, macOS va hau het cac ban phan phoi Linux) de giu cac tep hoan toan cuc bo.
Tom tat nhanh
1. Keo thu muc vao Nen, Tep va Thu muc ZIP.
2. Nhap Xu ly va doi ZIP duoc xay dung.
3. Nhap Tai xuong - ban nhan duoc mot .zip voi cau truc thu muc duoc bao ton.
Neu ZIP van qua lon cho dich, nut chai thuong la anh hoac video trong thu muc - nen cai do truoc, sau do nen lai.
Cong cu va huong dan lien quan
- Nen, Tep va Thu muc ZIP - cong cu ma huong dan nay di qua.
- Unzip File - giai nen mot .zip tro lai thanh mot thu muc.
- Compress Image - giam kich co anh truoc khi nen khi thu muc nhieu anh.
- Remove Zip Password - neu ban co mot ZIP duoc bao ve bang mat khau va biet mat khau.
- Trinh nen tep vs ZIP - chon cai nao - primer so sanh dinh dang.
- Cach lam cho mot tep ZIP nho hon - thu gi khi ZIP van qua lon.
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